Obstetric Lacerations: Prevention and Repair.
Arnold MJ, Sadler K, Leli K.
Am Fam Physician. 2021 Jun 15;103(12):745-752.
Skeletal Muscle Complex Between the Vagina and Anal Canal: Implications for Perineal Laceration.
Muro S, Chikazawa K, Delancey JOL, Akita K.
Int Urogynecol J. 2024 Dec;35(12):2313-2322. doi: 10.1007/s00192-024-05851-y. Epub 2024 Jul 12.
Retrospective Case-Control Study of Extended Birth Perineal Tears and Risk Factors.
Dendini M, Aldossari SK, AlQassab HA, Aldraihem OO, Almalki A.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 28;16(3):e57132. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57132. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Obstetric Perineal Tears in Pregnant Adolescents and the Influencing Factors.
Karaca SY, Adıyeke M, İleri A, Vural T, Şenkaya AR, İleri H, Özeren M.
J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2022 Jun;35(3):323-328. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.10.017. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
The Efficacy of Divabirth Vaginal Dilator to Prevent Pelvic Floor Trauma During Labor: A Protocol Study.
Rahman MN, Wilopo SA, Emilia O.
Int J Surg Protoc. 2022 Oct 28;26(1):88-93. doi: 10.29337/ijsp.179. eCollection 2022.
A randomized comparison of suturing techniques for episiotomy and laceration repair after spontaneous vaginal birth.
Morano S, Mistrangelo E, Pastorino D, Lijoi D, Costantini S, Ragni N.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2006 Sep-Oct;13(5):457-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2006.06.006.
Determination of a cutoff value for pelvic floor distensibility using the Epi-no balloon to predict perineal integrity in vaginal delivery: ROC curve analysis. Prospective observational single cohort study.
Zanetti MR, Petricelli CD, Alexandre SM, Paschoal A, Araujo Júnior E, Nakamura MU.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2016 Apr;134(2):97-102. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2014.8581009. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Use of endoanal ultrasound for reducing the risk of complications related to anal sphincter injury after vaginal birth.
Walsh KA, Grivell RM.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 29;2015(10):CD010826. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010826.pub2.
How to do it: delayed sphincteroplasty for obstetric anal sphincter injury.
Ong F, Phan-Thien KC.
ANZ J Surg. 2022 May;92(5):1208-1210. doi: 10.1111/ans.17650. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
