Local Anesthetic Block of the Anterior Scalene Muscle Increases Muscle Height in Patients With Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.
Weaver ML, Hicks CW, Fritz J, Black JH 3rd, Lum YW.
Ann Vasc Surg. 2019 Aug;59:28-35. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.01.023. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Ultrasonographic changes in the anterior scalene muscle in neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome.
Campbell K, Pearl G, Ojukwu O, Grimsley B, Gunn C, Ramamoorthy S.
J Vasc Surg. 2025 May;81(5):1131-1137. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2025.01.195. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
T1WI Radiomics Analysis of Anterior Scalene Muscle: A Preliminary Application in Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.
Sun M, Fang L, Tang P, Wang F, Jiang L, Wang T.
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2025 May-Jun 01;49(3):486-492. doi: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001701. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
Sonographically guided anesthetic injection of anterior scalene muscle for investigation of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome.
Torriani M, Gupta R, Donahue DM.
Skeletal Radiol. 2009 Nov;38(11):1083-7. doi: 10.1007/s00256-009-0714-x. Epub 2009 May 14.
Interscalene Block.
Zisquit J, Nedeff N.
2022 Sep 19. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–.
A rare case of overlapping thoracic outlet syndrome attributed to an anatomical variation in the anterior scalene muscle: Diagnostic challenges and treatment approaches.
Lam TQ, Nguyen AD, Tran TM, Van Hoang D, Quach TH.
Radiol Case Rep. 2024 Feb 1;19(4):1596-1607. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.01.029. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Anterior Scalene Muscle Block Response Predicts Outcomes Following Thoracic Outlet Decompression.
Beason AM, Thayer JA, Arras N, Franke JD, Mailey BA.
Hand (N Y). 2024 May;19(3):361-366. doi: 10.1177/15589447221131850. Epub 2022 Nov 5.
Arterial thoracic outlet syndrome secondary to hypertrophy of the anterior scalene muscle.
Qaja E, Honari S, Rhee R.
J Surg Case Rep. 2017 Aug 21;2017(8):rjx158. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjx158. eCollection 2017 Aug.
Scalene muscle injections for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: case series.
Benzon HT, Rodes ME, Chekka K, Malik K, Pearce WH.
Pain Pract. 2012 Jan;12(1):66-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00468.x. Epub 2011 Jun 2.
Anterior Scalene Anomaly in a Patient With Arterial and Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.
Tucker DL, Freischlag JA.
Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2023 Apr;57(3):295-298. doi: 10.1177/15385744221143652. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
