The hypercontractile esophagus: Still a tough nut to crack.
Savarino E, Smout AJPM.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Nov;32(11):e14010. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14010. Epub 2020 Oct 11.
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Review of current diagnosis and management of diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus/spastic nutcracker and hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter.
Burmeister S.
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Dec;21(6):543-7. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000002.
PMID:24157634
Nutcracker esophagus: demographic, clinical features, and esophageal tests in 115 patients.
Lufrano R, Heckman MG, Diehl N, DeVault KR, Achem SR.
Dis Esophagus. 2015 Jan;28(1):11-8. doi: 10.1111/dote.12160. Epub 2013 Nov 20.